Walter Roland Dickerson (April 16, 1928 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – May 15, 2008) was an American jazz vibraphone player, most associated with post-bop.

He graduated from Morgan State University in 1953 and after two years in the Army he settled in California. There he started to gain attention leading a band with Andrew Hill and Andrew Cyrille, but it was his later period in New York City when he gained some further notice. For the Prestige label he recorded four albums. In 1962 Down Beat named him the best new artist.