Arturo "Chico" O'Farrill (October 28, 1921 - June 27, 2001) was a Cuban composer, arranger, and conductor, best known for his work in the Latin idiom, specifically Afro-Cuban jazz or "Cubop," although he also composed traditional jazz pieces and even symphonic works.

Born to an Irish father and a German mother, he played the trumpet early in his career. He composed works for Machito (Afro-Cuban suite with Charlie Parker, 1950) and Benny Goodman's Bebop Orchestra (Undercurrent Blues), and arranged for Dizzy Gillespie and Stan Kenton, among others.